The verb ser / estar in English is translated with TO BE.
AFFIRMATIVE form: Subject + TO BE + complement (Ex: Mark is American.)
NEGATIVE form: Subject + TO BE + NOT + complement (Ex: Mark is not American.)
INTERROGATIVE form: TO BE + subject + complement (Ex: Is Mark American?)
INTERROGATIVE-NEGATIVE form: reduced form of BE / NOT + subject + complement (Ex: Is not Mark American?).
Simple Present
FORMA LARGA |
|||
| Afirmativa | Negativa | Interrogativa | Interrogativa
Negativa |
| I am | I am not | Am I…? | Am I not…? |
| You are | You are not | Are you…? | Are you not…? |
| He is | He is not | Is he…? | Is he not…? |
| We are | We are not | Are we…? | Are we not…? |
| You are | You are not | Are you…? | Are you not…? |
| They are | They are not | Are they…? | Are they not…? |
FORMA REDUCIDA |
|||
| Afirmativa | Negativa 1 | Negativa 2 | Interrogativa
negativa |
| I’m | I’m not | Aren’t I…? | |
| You’re | You’re not | You aren’t | Aren’t you…? |
| He’s not | He isn’t | ||
| We are | We are not | Are we…? | Are we not…? |
| You are | You are not | Are you…? | Are you not…? |
| She’s not | She isn’t | Isn’t he…? | |
| He’s | It’s not | It isn’t | |
| She’s | Isn’t she…? | ||
| It’s | Isn’t it…? | ||
| We’re | We’re not | We aren’t | Aren’t we…? |
| You’re | You’re not | You aren’t | Aren’t you…? |
| They’re | They’re not | They aren’t | Aren’t they…? |
¡Atención! La forma larga viene usada principalmente en la lengua escrita. La forma reducida de Am I not…? usada en el hablar es Aren’t I…?
Simple Past
FORMA LARGA |
|||
| Afirmativa | Negativa | Interrogativa | Interrogativa
Negativa |
| I am | I am not | Am I…? | Am I not…? |
| I was | I was not | Was I…? | Was I not…? |
| You were | You were not | Were you…? | Were you not…? |
| He was | He was not | Was he…? | Was he not…? |
| She was | She was not | Was she…? | Was she not…? |
| It was | It was not | Was it…? | Was it not…? |
| We were | We were not | Were we…? | Were we not…? |
| You were | You were not | Were you…? | Were you not…? |
| They were | They were not | Were they…? | Were they not…? |
FORMA REDUCIDA |
|||
| Negativa | Interrogativa
negativa |
||
| I wasn’t | Wasn’t I…? | ||
| You weren’t | Weren’t you…? | ||
| He wasn’t | Wasn’t he…? | ||
| She wasn’t | Wasn’t she…? | ||
| It wasn’t | Wasn’t it…? | ||
| We weren’t | Weren’t we…? | ||
| You weren’t | Weren’t you…? | ||
| They weren’t | Weren’t they…? |
El Past Participle de TO BE es been (“estado”).
